![]() This is triggered either by a numerical or functional Treg defect, or by the resistance of effector T cells to suppression. Autoimmune disorders are chronic diseases caused by the breakdown of tolerance against self-antigens. However, chronic rejection and the ensuing side effects of immunosuppressants represent the main limiting factors for organ acceptance and patient survival. Currently, solid organ transplantation remains the treatment of choice for end-stage organ failure. Due to these promising results, Tregs have been extensively studied as a potential new tool for the prevention of graft rejection and/or the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the ability of Tregs to delay/prevent graft rejection and to control autoimmune responses following adoptive transfer in vivo. In the last decades, several reports have been focussed on understanding the biology of Tregs and their mechanisms of action. ![]() Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important for the induction and maintenance of peripheral tolerance therefore, they are key in preventing excessive immune responses and autoimmunity. 2Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina Interna, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.1Immunoregulation Laboratory, MRC Centre for Transplantation, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.Marco Romano 1 *, Giorgia Fanelli 1, Caraugh Jane Albany 1, Giulio Giganti 1,2 and Giovanna Lombardi 1 * ![]()
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